TESOL learning skills

I think Krashen’s five hypotheses are verysuitable for TESOL courses. I will choose the i+1 hypothesis andthe affective filtering hypothesis to use in the classroom.

The input hypothesis is at the heart ofKrashen's theory of language acquisition and is based on research intochildren's first language acquisition. The 'simplified language' and 'languagesilence' periods in children's acquisition of their mother tongue provide animportant theoretical basis for Krashen's input hypothesis. The term'simplified language' refers to a simplistic form of language used by adults toenable young children to understand the information they are being fed.According to Krashen, this 'simplified language' has three characteristics: (1)adults use simplified language without the intention of teaching the child tolearn the language, but more importantly to enable the child to understand theinformation being communicated; (2) the language of 'simplified language' issimple and easy for the child to understand and reunderstand. (3) The 'hereand now' principle. Adults speak to children in direct relation to what ishappening in the local context, i.e. context plays a large role in children'sunderstanding of the input language. This illustrates the importance ofauthentic contexts in the language flow process. "The 'language silenceperiod' is the period when the learner is not yet sufficiently competent tospeak. This period can be as short as a few hours or as long as several months.During the 'silent period', children gradually accelerate their learning oflanguage by listening to and understanding the incoming language and byprocessing, organising and internalising it. This process is a quantitative toqualitative leap. According to Krashen, the 'silent period' provides the timeand opportunity for children to build their language skills through listening."The 'silent period' allows people to recognise the importance of 'listening'in the language acquisition process and that language learning is a process.

Krashen's 'affective filtering hypothesis'suggests that both appropriate input and the learner's acquisition of languagecan be hindered. This emotion refers to negative attitudes and is related tolearning outcomes, which can influence learners to filter out input and preventthem from learning. In my class, the students have been learning English wordsin the previous lesson and this lesson is all about putting the words into practice.According to the textbook, each unit will have a conversation about a topicrelated to the words. Once students are familiar with the words, they will havea good idea of the meaning of the conversation and will be able to understandit easily. Learning a second language is not an easy task for children, but ifthey have a basic knowledge of the content before starting the lesson, theywill not be resistant. With a positive attitude to learning, the results oflearning a second language are obvious.

In the formal classroom, it is importantfor me, as their English teacher, to think about how to make the class contenteasy and enjoyable for the students. Most of the students in this class arebetween 14 or 16 years old, they are children and can be taught in an enjoyableatmosphere by telling stories, listening to children's songs or playing games,so that they can receive the knowledge that comes with a second language.

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